“5 Steps
to Write the Abstract of Scientific Writing”
Step 1:
Write why you have done it
Step 2: Write how you have done it
Step 3: Write major results
Step 4: Write outlook or implications of
your work
Step 5: Rewrite for brevity
That’s it.
Now let us look at each step at a time.
• Step 1:
Write motivation or background
of your work. In other words, write the reason why you have done it. If you
find it difficult to write motivation or background, then go back and ask
yourself, why have I done this research? Is it because your research is an
urgent issue? Is it because it will have a high impact on a particular
industry? Is it because it is a long-sought topic in the history of science?
You get the idea. You have at least some reason. When you write motivation or
background, it is acceptable to try to reach as wide audience as possible.
Remember, if your audience reads the first sentence and then lose their
interests, they may not read any further.
• Step 2:
Next, write how you have done
your research. Write your computational methods or experimental designs and
settings. However, do not try to include every detail because it will distract
the reader.
• Step 3:
Write your major results or
summary; but do not try to include everything. You may have many results you
want to mention. In your Abstract, however, you pick up only two or three
important results of your work. Alternatively, it would be even better to write
the single most important result out of the three. As you can see, the process
of Step 3 is much easier after you have already written the main body of your
research paper.
• Step 4:
Write outlook, benefits, or
implications. Or write why and how your work has an impact on current
scientific knowledge. This is an important point. Because, like it or not, your
reader has one question in mind: “What’s in it for me?” So you have to answer
to this question in your Abstract. Remember, the main purpose of your Abstract
is to get potential audience actually read your paper. To do so you not only
write your conclusions but also include outlook, benefits, or implications
reasonably derived from you work.
• Step 5:
Rewrite for brevity. After you
have done Steps 1-4, now is the time for rewriting. Most Abstracts are limited
to 100-200 words, depending your target journal. Therefore, you should be short
and concise sentence by sentence, word by word. You can do this by (1)
eliminating unnecessary words, (2) using short, familiar words, (3) avoiding
jargons, terminologies, and references, and (4) using simple sentence
structures.
How to
write the abstract as follows:
1. It is
started from ‘Title’
2. The
first paragraph summary of the 'background / introduction'
3. The second paragraph summary ‘objective study'
4. The third paragraph summary of the 'methodology'
5. The fourth paragraph summary of the 'results and discussion'
6. The fifth paragraph of the summary of ‘conclusion'
7. Keywords can be taken from the title or important words in the paper. The number of keywords
is not more than five words.
Ketika rasa
itu jujur